Mwachidule

Mu 2021, kunyumbabatire yosungirako mphamvuzotumizira zidzafika 48GWh, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa nthawi za 2.6.

Popeza dziko la China lidapereka cholinga cha kaboni wapawiri mu 2021, kutukuka kwa mafakitale amagetsi atsopano monga mphepo ndi mphepo.yosungirako dzuwa ndi mphamvu zatsopanomagalimoto akhala akusintha tsiku lililonse.Monga njira yofunika kukwaniritsa cholinga wapawiri mpweya, zowetakusungirako mphamvuidzabweretsanso nthawi yabwino ya ndondomeko ndi chitukuko cha msika.Mu 2021, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu komwe kumayikidwa kunjamphamvu yosungirako mphamvumasiteshoni ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mphepo zam'nyumba ndiyosungirako mphamvu ya dzuwa, kusungirako mphamvu zapakhomo kudzakwaniritsa kukula koopsa.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zochokera kuLithium BatteryResearch Institute ya High-tech Industrial Research Institute, kunyumbabatire yosungirako mphamvukutumiza kudzafika ku 48GWh mu 2021, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa nthawi za 2.6;za mphamvu zakebatire yosungirako mphamvukutumiza kudzakhala 29GWh, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa nthawi 4.39 poyerekeza ndi 6.6GWh mu 2020.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, akusungirako mphamvumakampani akukumananso ndi mavuto ambiri panjira: mu 2021, mtengo wokwera wamabatire a lithiamuyakwera kwambiri ndipo mphamvu yopangira batire yakhala yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wadongosolo ukhale wokwera m'malo motsika;kunyumba ndi kunjalithiamu batire mphamvu yosungirakomalo opangira magetsi nthawi zina ayaka moto ndikuphulika, zomwe ndi zotetezeka Ngozi sizingathe kuthetsedwa;mitundu yamabizinesi apanyumba si okhwima mokwanira, mabizinesi sakufuna kuyikapo ndalama, ndipo kusungirako mphamvu ndi "kumanga kolemetsa pakugwira ntchito", ndipo chodabwitsa cha zinthu zopanda pake ndizofala;nthawi yosungira mphamvu yosungiramo mphamvu nthawi zambiri imakhala maola a 2, ndipo gawo lalikulu la mphamvu zazikulu za mphepo ndi mphamvu za dzuwa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi 4 Kufunika kosungirako mphamvu kwa nthawi yaitali pa ola limodzi kukukulirakulira ...

Kachitidwe kambiri kakuwonetsetsa kosiyanasiyana kwaukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, gawo la ukadaulo wosungidwa wamagetsi osagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu-ion likuyembekezeka kukula.

Poyerekeza ndi ndondomeko zam'mbuyomu, "Implementation Plan" yalemba zambiri za ndalama ndi ziwonetsero zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.kusungirako mphamvumatekinoloje, ndipo anatchula momveka bwino kukhathamiritsa kwa njira zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo monga mabatire a sodium-ion, mabatire a lead-carbon, mabatire othamanga, ndi hydrogen (ammonia) yosungirako mphamvu.Kafukufuku wamapangidwe.Kachiwiri, njira zamaukadaulo monga 100-megawatt wothinikizidwa mpweya wosungira, 100-megawatt flow batire, sodium ion, solid-state.lithiamu-ion batire,ndi batire yachitsulo yamadzimadzi ndi njira zazikulu za kafukufuku wa zida zaukadaulo mukusungirako mphamvumakampani pa 14th Five-year Plan.

Mwambiri, "Mapulani Othandizira" amamveketsa mfundo zachitukuko za ziwonetsero zofananira koma zosiyanitsidwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.kusungirako mphamvunjira zamakono, ndipo zimangotchula cholinga chokonzekera kuchepetsa ndalama zadongosolo ndi 30% mu 2025. Izi zimapatsa ufulu wosankha njira yeniyeni kwa osewera msika, ndipo chitukuko chamtsogolo cha kusungirako mphamvu chidzakhala mtengo- ndi msika- zofuna-zokhazikika.Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo.

Choyamba, kukwera mtengo kwamabatire a lithiamundi zida zopangira kukwera komanso kusakwanira kupanga mu 2021 zawonetsa kuwopsa komwe kungachitike chifukwa chodalira njira imodzi yaukadaulo: kutulutsa mwachangu kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, mawilo awiri, ndi kusungirako mphamvu kwadzetsa kukwera kwazinthu zopangira mphamvu. mitengo ndi kupereka mphamvu.Zosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kusungirako mphamvu ndi ntchito zina zotsika pansi "kugwira mphamvu zopangira, kulanda zipangizo".Kachiwiri, moyo weniweni wa zinthu za batri ya lithiamu siutali, vuto la moto ndi kuphulika nthawi zina, ndipo malo ochepetsera mtengo ndi ovuta kuthetsa pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsanso kuti zisakwanitse kukwaniritsa zosowa za mphamvu zonse. mapulogalamu osungira.Pomanga makina atsopano amagetsi, kusungirako magetsi kudzakhala malo ofunikira kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yosungiramo magetsi padziko lonse ikuyenera kulowa mu nthawi ya TWh.Mulingo waposachedwa wa mabatire a lithiamu sungathe kukwaniritsa zofunikirakusungirako mphamvuzomangamanga za machitidwe atsopano amagetsi m'tsogolomu.

Chachiwiri ndikuwongolera mosalekeza kwa njira zina zaukadaulo, ndipo mikhalidwe yaukadaulo yowonetsera uinjiniya ilipo tsopano.Tengani madzi otaya mphamvu yosungirako anatsindika mu Implementation Plan monga chitsanzo.Poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion, mabatire otaya alibe kusintha kwa gawo pakuchitapo kanthu, amatha kuyimbidwa mozama ndikutulutsidwa, ndipo amatha kupirira kuyitanitsa komanso kutulutsa.Chodziwika kwambiri cha mabatire otaya ndi chakuti moyo wozungulira ndi wautali kwambiri, wocheperako ukhoza kukhala nthawi 10,000, ndipo njira zina zaukadaulo zimatha kufikira nthawi zopitilira 20,000, ndipo moyo wonse wautumiki ukhoza kufikira zaka 20 kapena kuposerapo, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri. oyenera kunyamulamphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.Malo osungirako mphamvu.Kuyambira 2021, Gulu la Datang, State Power Investment Corporation, China General Nuclear Power ndi magulu ena opanga magetsi atulutsa mapulani omangira malo opangira magetsi a batire a 100-megawatt.Gawo loyamba lakusungirako mphamvukumeta pachimakepokwerera magetsipulojekitiyi yalowa mu gawo limodzi loyendetsa gawo limodzi, kuwonetsa kuti batire yothamanga ili ndi kuthekera kwaukadaulo wowonetsera ma 100-megawatt.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro akukula kwaukadaulo,mabatire a lithiamu-ionakadali patsogolo pa enazatsopano zosungiramo mphamvuponena za zotsatira za kukula ndi chithandizo cha mafakitale, kotero pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti iwo adzakhalabe odziwika bwino atsopanokusungirako mphamvukukhazikitsa muzaka zikubwerazi za 5-10.Komabe, kukula kwathunthu ndi gawo limodzi la njira zosungira mphamvu zopanda lithiamu-ion zikuyembekezeka kukula.Njira zina zamakono, monga mabatire a sodium-ion, mpweya woponderezedwakusungirako mphamvu, mabatire a carbon-lead-carbon, ndi zitsulo-mpweya-mpweya mabatire, akuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pa ndalama zoyamba ndalama, kWh mtengo, chitetezo, etc. Kapena mbali zambiri zimasonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu kwachitukuko, ndipo akuyembekezeka kupanga mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi wothandizana ndimabatire a lithiamu-ion.

Kuyang'ana pazochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, kufunikira kosungirako mphamvu kwanthawi yayitali kukuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa bwino

Malinga ndi nthawi yosungira mphamvu, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu osungira mphamvu kwakanthawi kochepa (<1 ora), kusungirako mphamvu kwanthawi yayitali (maola 1-4), komanso kusunga mphamvu kwanthawi yayitali (≥4 maola, ndipo mayiko ena akunja amatanthauzira ≥8 maola) ) magulu atatu.Pakalipano, ntchito zosungiramo mphamvu zapakhomo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusungirako mphamvu kwanthawi yochepa komanso kusungirako mphamvu kwapakati komanso nthawi yayitali.Chifukwa cha zinthu monga ndalama zogulira, ukadaulo ndi mitundu yamabizinesi, msika wakusungirako mphamvu kwanthawi yayitali udakali pagawo lolima.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, maiko otukuka kuphatikizapo United States ndi United Kingdom atulutsa mndandanda wa zothandizira ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko zamakono zamakono zosungirako mphamvu za nthawi yaitali, kuphatikizapo "Energy Storage Grand Challenge Roadmap" yoperekedwa ndi United States Department of Energy. , ndi mapulani a dipatimenti ya Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy yaku United Kingdom.Kupereka ndalama zokwana £68 miliyoni kuti zithandizire projekiti yowonetsera njira yaukadaulo yosungira mphamvu yanthawi yayitali mdziko muno.Kuphatikiza pa akuluakulu aboma, mabungwe omwe si aboma akunja akugwiranso ntchito mwachangu, monga bungwe losunga mphamvu kwanthawi yayitali.Bungweli lidayambitsidwa ndi zimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi za 25 zamphamvu, ukadaulo, ndi ntchito zapagulu kuphatikiza Microsoft, BP, Nokia, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo amayesetsa kutumiza 85TWh-140TWh ya nthawi yayitali yosungira mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2040, ndikuyika ndalama za US$1.5 trilioni mpaka 3 thililiyoni.Dola.

Academician Zhang Huamin wa Dahua Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ananena kuti pambuyo 2030, mu dongosolo latsopano m'banja mphamvu, gawo la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa olumikizidwa ndi gululi adzakhala kwambiri, ndi udindo wa mphamvu gululi nsonga malamulo ndi pafupipafupi malamulo. idzasamutsidwa kumalo opangira magetsi osungira mphamvu.M'nyengo yamvula yosalekeza, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zoyikapo magetsi otenthetsera, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi amagetsi akukhala otetezeka komanso okhazikika, maola 2-4 okha a nthawi yosungira mphamvu sangathe kukwaniritsa zosowa za magetsi. gulu la zero-carbon konse, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali.Themalo opangira magetsiamapereka mphamvu yofunidwa ndi grid katundu.

"Mapulani Othandizira" awa amawononga inki yowonjezereka kuti atsindike kafukufuku ndi kuwonetsera kwa polojekiti ya luso la nthawi yayitali losungira mphamvu: "Onjezani kugwiritsa ntchito mafomu osiyanasiyana osungira mphamvu.Kuphatikizana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri m'madera osiyanasiyana komanso kufunikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu, kulimbikitsa kusungirako mphamvu kwa nthawi yaitali, Kumanga mapulojekiti atsopano osungira mphamvu monga hydrogen yosungirako mphamvu, kutentha (kuzizira) kusungirako mphamvu, ndi zina zotero zidzalimbikitsa chitukuko. zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosungira mphamvu., Iron-chromium flow battery, zinc-Australia flow battery ndi ntchito zina za mafakitale", "Kupanga mphamvu zowonjezereka zosungirako hydrogen (ammonia), kugwirizana kwa hydrogen-electric ndi zina zovuta zowonetsera mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu".Zikuyembekezeka kuti pa nthawi ya 14th Year Plan Plan, kukula kwa mafakitale osungira mphamvu zanthawi yayitali monga hydrogen (ammonia) yosungirako mphamvu, kuyenda.mabatirendi apamwamba wothinikizidwa mpweya adzauka kwambiri.

Yang'anani kwambiri kuthana ndi zovuta zazikulu muukadaulo wowongolera mwanzeru, ndipo kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi kulumikizana ndi zida zamagetsi zikuyembekezeka kukwera, zomwe zingapindulitse makampani opanga mphamvu zamagetsi.

M'mbuyomu, mapangidwe amtundu wamagetsi anali amtundu wanthawi zonse, ndipo kasamalidwe ka magetsi ndi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu zidachitika potumiza pakati.Mu dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu, mphamvu zatsopano zopangira mphamvu ndizo zomwe zimatuluka.Kuwonjezeka kosasunthika kumbali yotulutsa kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kulamulira ndi kuneneratu molondola pakufunika, ndipo zotsatira za kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kutchuka kwakukulu kwa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi ndi kusungirako mphamvu pambali yonyamula katundu ndizowonjezereka.Chodziwikiratu ndi chakuti dongosolo la gridi yamagetsi limalumikizidwa ndi magwero amphamvu omwe amagawidwa komanso kusinthika mwachindunji.M'nkhaniyi, lingaliro lachikhalidwe lapakati lotumizira lidzasinthidwa kukhala kuphatikiza kophatikizana kwa gwero, maukonde, katundu ndi kusungirako, ndi njira yosinthira yosinthika.Kuti tizindikire kusinthika, digitization, informatization ndi luntha la mbali zonse za mphamvu ndi mphamvu ndi mitu yaumisiri yomwe sitingapewe.

Kusungirako mphamvu ndi gawo lachitukuko chatsopano chamagetsi m'tsogolomu.Pakalipano, kuphatikizika kwa hardware ndi zamakono zamakono ndi mauthenga ndi mapulogalamu ena ndizodziwika kwambiri: malo opangira magetsi omwe alipo ali osakwanira kusanthula chiopsezo cha chitetezo ndi kulamulira dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka batri, kuzindikira kwakukulu, kusokoneza deta, kuchedwa kwa deta, ndi kutayika kwa deta.Kulephera kwa data;momwe mungagwirizanitse bwino kuphatikizika ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza phindu lochulukirapo kudzera m'mafakitale opangira magetsi omwe akugwira nawo ntchito pamsika wamagetsi;matekinoloje a chidziwitso cha digito monga deta yayikulu, blockchain, cloud computing, ndi katundu wosungira mphamvu Mlingo wa kuphatikiza ndi wosazama, kugwirizana pakati pa kusungirako mphamvu ndi maulalo ena mumagetsi ndi ofooka, ndipo teknoloji ndi chitsanzo cha kusanthula deta ndi migodi. za mtengo wowonjezera ndizosakhwima.Ndi kutchuka ndi kukula kwa mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu mu 14th Five-year Plan, digito, chidziwitso ndi zosowa zanzeru zoyendetsera makina osungira mphamvu zidzafika pamlingo wofulumira kwambiri.

Munkhaniyi, "Mapulani Othandizira" atsimikiza kuti ukadaulo wowongolera wanzeru wosungirako mphamvu udzawonedwa ngati imodzi mwa njira zitatu zofunika kuthana ndi zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo watsopano wosungira mphamvu ndi zida pazaka 14 za Plan, zomwe. makamaka zikuphatikizapo "centralized tackling keytechnologies of big-akulu storage energy system cluster intelligent collaborative control"., chitani kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kuphatikizika kogwirizana kwa njira zosungiramo mphamvu zogawira, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto owongolera ma gridi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zatsopano.Kudalira deta yaikulu, cloud computing, luntha lochita kupanga, blockchain ndi matekinoloje ena, kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zambiri zosungirako mphamvu, Kafukufuku pa matekinoloje ofunikira pamagulu okhudzidwa ndi zofunikira, zomera zamagetsi, kusungirako mphamvu zamtambo, ndi msika- zotengera zochita."The digito, informationatization ndi nzeru yosungirako mphamvu m'tsogolo kudzadalira kukhwima kwa mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu wanzeru kutumiza luso m'madera osiyanasiyana.